Category: CREDIT BLOG

How Is a Credit Score Calculated?

Posted on October 21, 2010 by - CREDIT BLOG, CREDIT SCORING

How is a credit score calculated? This is a question I’m asked often, and the answer is not a simple one. In fact, there are a lot of people who sell something they call a “credit score,” but they are actually selling garbage. This blog clarifies the players, how they work together, and what you can do to make sure that you get your hands on your true credit score.
How Is a Credit Score Calculated? The Players
Let’s start with the three main players:
1. Your creditors,
2. The credit-reporting bureaus, and
3. The credit-scoring formula.
Your creditors are those banks, lending institutions, people, and entities that report to the three credit-reporting bureaus. They consist of:

  • Banks and lending institutions that have granted you with a loan or a credit card, or that have considered a loan or credit card application.
  • People, entities, or companies that are pursuing you for unpaid debt. If you fail to pay a bill or debt, a creditor will attempt to collect this debt. For instance, you might have a tax lien or a judgment against you. In either case, a creditor will attempt to collect the unpaid money. If you fail to pay a bill, it will be turned over to a collection agency, which will attempt to collect the debt.

It is important to note that the following companies do not report information to the credit-reporting bureaus, unless you fail to pay them bills, in which case they will be turned over for collection and reported to the credit-reporting bureaus:

  • Utility companies
  • Cell phone companies
  • Landlords

Alimony and child support payments are also not reported to the bureaus, unless you fail to pay.
Now let’s talk about the three credit-reporting bureaus: Equifax, TransUnion, and Experian. Your creditors report information to one, two, or all of the credit-reporting bureaus. For instance, your Visa credit card company might report your payment history to Experian and Equifax. A bank that provided you with a small line of credit might report only to TransUnion, whereas your mortgage lender would most likely report to all three.
The credit-reporting bureaus do two primary things:
1. They collect information from your creditors.
2. They report your credit score by applying a credit-scoring formula.
So that brings us to the credit-scoring formula. Your credit score is computed using an intricate formula that considers a variety of factors.
Here is where it gets confusing. The credit-reporting bureaus apply a different credit-scoring formula depending on who is asking for your credit score.
Let’s say that you apply for a rental unit. The landlord is concerned primarily with your history of mortgage payments, as well as any evictions you might have on your record. Now let’s imagine that you also apply for a car loan. The bank considering your car loan is concerned with your history of installment payments and whether you have any repossessions on your record.
Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion know that the landlord and the car company are interested in different things, so they apply a different credit-scoring formula depending on who is asking for your credit score.
Important to note is this: 90 percent of all lenders use a credit-scoring formula called a FICO Score. None of them use something called the Consumer Score. We will discuss this in detail later. Just remember this: Of all the credit scores you can buy, the FICO score is the most important. A consumer score is the least important.
Before we get into that, let’s talk about how the players work together.
How Is a Credit Score Calculated? How the Players Work Together to Determine Your Credit Score
In summary, your creditors report to one, two, or all three of the credit-reporting bureaus. When a person or lender inquires into your credit score, the credit-reporting bureaus determine which credit-scoring formula is most appropriate. They apply the formula, and then report your credit score.
Because not all creditors report to all of the credit-reporting bureaus, the three bureaus do not have identical information. Therefore, if a bank pulls your credit score from the three credit-reporting bureaus, the bank might end up with three different credit scores. Experian might give you a 650 score, TransUnion might determine that your score is 672, and Equifax might determine that your score is 714.
The banker would ignore the high score and the low score, and just take a look at the score that falls in the middle. In this case, the bank would consider the score provided by TransUnion (672) to be your credit score.
How Is a Credit Score Calculated? Getting Your Hands on the Right Score
Remember a few paragraphs ago, when I told you to remember that the FICO score is the most important score, and that the Consumer Score is worthless? Let’s talk about this now.
As I’ve mentioned, the credit-reporting bureaus have a lot of different formulae they can apply to determine your score. They chose the formula based on who is asking for your credit score.
If you pull your own credit report and buy your credit score, most often, the Consumer Score will be applied. This is a generic credit score that no lender, landlord, or employer will ever use. Only the consumer sees a Consumer Score.
In this way, the Consumer Score is worthless. And unfortunately, it is often a lot higher than a FICO score. This means that if you buy your credit score from most places online, you will receive a Consumer Score that gives you an artificial sense of security about your credit score.
Almost all lenders use a FICO score. If you buy your credit score, make sure it is a FICO score so you have an accurate idea of where you stand. A consumer can buy FICO scores from both Equifax and TransUnion at www.720FICOScore.
However, Experian does not sell FICO scores to consumers. If you want to see all three scores, a lender will have to pull your credit score. The benefit of this is that you have all three scores. You can ignore the high score and the low score, knowing that the middle score is the credit score a lender would use to determine your interest rates.
The downside of getting your credit score from a lender is that a hard credit inquiry will be added to your credit report.
How Is a Credit Score Calculated? The Difference Between Credit Scores and Credit Reports
In considering the question, “How is a credit score calculated?” I have spent a lot of time talking about credit scores. I want to make an important note: There’s a difference between a credit score and a credit report. A credit score is the three-digit number that predicts your likelihood of paying your bills on time. A credit report is a listing of all the information that was considered in your credit score.
Once a year, you can get a free annual credit report. If you want to look at your credit report so that you can identify errors, go ahead and download your free annual credit report.  However, you should never, never buy a credit score from www.annualcreditreport.com as this site sells consumer scores only. Remember that the only place to get a FICO score is from FICO itself or from your lender.
This concludes my lesson in “How is a credit score calculated?” I know this is a complicated subject, so if you have any questions, be sure to leave them in the comments!

Your Bank’s Big Lie About How Credit Scores Affect You

Posted on October 17, 2010 by - CREDIT BLOG, CREDIT SCORING

I recently conducted a private class for the parishioners of a church about how credit scores affect you. After the class ended, one of the participants, Lori P., sent an email that shows how banks lie to their customers.
‘I am involved in an entrepreneurial program that helps people become business and home-loan ready, as well as get them ready for business start-up. Four of us in the program had attended a meeting with a founder of a minority bank here in Los Angeles that explained to us how to become loan-ready for his bank. He mentioned that all we needed was a 630 credit score along with other criteria.

‘I thought, “Wow, only 630? That seems easy.”

‘Then when I listened to your program, it made sense why we only needed a 630: It would be money in the bank’s pocket.
-Lori P.”

I was livid when I received this email. Lori is helping people from her community take control of their financial future, and the banker is thrilled to charge them higher fees because of a lower credit score. How are hardworking Americans ever supposed to get back on their feet when their banks are ripping them off?
And this happens all of the time. Every single day—every single hour and probably every single minute—a banker neglects to tell a customer about the easy steps people can take to fix a bad credit score.
Instead of telling the truth about how credit scores affect you, banks across the country are letting their customers pay an arm and a leg in interest rates.
For instance, the banker Lori met with isn’t telling her that the difference between a 630 credit score and a 720 credit score is $63,720 over the course of a 30-year loan on a $216,000 mortgage.
The bank is deceiving its customers to the tune of $63,720!
I wrote 7 Steps to a 720 Credit Score because I wanted to help my mortgage clients learn how to build credit and lower their interest payments. Then I decided I wanted to spread the word about how credit scores affect you. I went to bank after bank, telling them I would give them access to my book so that their clients could how to raise their credit scores and negotiate lower interest rates.
Guess how many banks signed up.
Not one. Why would they do the right thing when they could pocket $63,720?
This is so typical of what happens every day.  While the “little guy” struggles to get his head above water, the government is busy bailing out big business because they are “too big to fail.” And these very same businesses turn around and lie to their customers. This is flat-out unfair and wrong.
Learn how credit scores affect you, and stop the banks from stealing more of your hard-earned money. Download The 35 Things Your Bank Doesn’t Want You to Know About Credit.

How to Fix a Bad Credit Score the Easy Way

Posted on October 6, 2010 by - CREDIT BLOG, CREDIT SCORING

People who have fallen onto tough financial times always want to know how to fix a bad credit score. In their attempt to learn how to build credit, they will spend thousands of dollars on credit repair services that promise to wipe their credit reports clean of all errors. Some people even try to create a new credit identity, as if they can sweep past errors under the rug.
The big secret, though, is that most of these services do not work. At best, these credit “repair” services will only temporarily suppress credit problems by using illegal methods to briefly suspend errors from your report—errors that will resurface only after the company has walked away with your dollars. At worst, they will expose you to lawsuits by using illegal methods of attempting to remove delinquent information from your credit report.
The good news is that there are tons of ways to fix your credit score that are both effective and legal.  If you want to learn how to fix a bad credit score, keep these two components in mind:
How to Fix a Bad Credit Score, Rule #1: Be strategic.
As you can tell, I am not a fan of credit repair strategies that purport to increase your credit score by surreptitious methods. However, there are legal and effective strategies you can use to raise your credit score fast:
1. Build your credit score fast by adding yourself as an authorized user to a family member’s credit card, so long as it is in good standing.
2. One of the fastest ways to build credit is to transfer your credit card balances to your spouse.
How to Fix a Bad Credit Score, Rule #2: Focus on current behavior.
Think of it from the credit bureaus’ perspective. Wouldn’t you be much more impressed with someone who positively changed his behavior than someone who tried to weasel out of past mistakes? Instead of arguing with the credit-scoring bureaus about all of your late payments, try taking a few simple but effective ways to let the credit-scoring bureaus know you have changed your habits.
This strategy works because credit-scoring bureaus place more weight on current behavior than on past behavior. If you made a mess of your credit score two years ago, the credit-scoring bureaus will pay less attention to this if you are making smart decisions today. This means that you should:

  • Pay your bills on time.
  • Keep your credit card balances as low as you can – preferably below 30 percent.
  • Keep three to five credit cards active. Use them at least once a month, but pay your balances as much as possible each month.
  • Open new lines of credit after a financial disaster, like bankruptcy or foreclosure. The credit-scoring bureaus need proof that you can manage several lines of credit. If you wipe your hands of credit, they will not have this proof, and your credit score will not increase. Your bad credit score will increase if you have between three and five credit cards, as well as an installment loan, all in good standing. Bear in mind that your credit score will initially drop upon opening a new line of credit. But after six months of timely payments, it will begin to increase.

So here’s the big secret: If you want to know how to fix a bad credit score, don’t turn to credit repair companies that make promises that seem too good to be true. Repairing a credit score is simple, but it cannot be achieved with the wave of a wand.

The Fastest Way to Build Credit

Posted on September 27, 2010 by - CREDIT BLOG, CREDIT SCORING

Question: What is the fastest way to build credit? I am applying for a business loan, and I need to bump my score up by about 60 points.
Answer: There are a lot of reasons you might want to raise your credit score, and raise it fast. In today’s environment, you might not qualify for a loan if your credit score is not at least 720. About 60 percent of employers run credit checks on potential employees. Landlords won’t rent to people with bad credit. You will pay more in interest if you have bad credit. The list goes on and on …
Fortunately, if you want to learn how to build credit fast, I have a great trick. This works best for married people, but single folks can use it as well. Let’s start by assuming you are married. Later, I will explain how to modify this example if you are single.
The Fastest Way to Build Credit: A Tip for Married People
To build your credit fast, transfer as much of your credit card debt into your spouse’s name. To do this, simply have your spouse “buy” your debt by paying your balance(s) with his or her credit card(s). Assuming you both have individual credit cards, this will cause your score to jump quickly.
You see, the credit-scoring bureaus place a lot of weight on something called a utilization rate. Each of your credit cards has a utilization rate, which is a number that describe how much of your limit you are utilizing. For instance, if a credit card has a $1000 limit and you have a $100 balance, you are utilizing 10 percent of your limit. Your utilization rate, therefore, is 10 percent.
Credit-scoring bureaus respond best if your utilization rate is below 30 percent, so if you want to learn how to fix credit, you should always lower your utilization rate.
Start by transferring balances to your spouse’s credit cards. Of course, this might lower your spouse’s credit score, but you will buy the debt back (thereby increasing your spouse’s score) once you have qualified for the loan.
In short, you will have better loan terms, and your spouse’s score will be lowered only temporarily.
The Fastest Way to Build Credit: A Tip for Single People
If you are single and also want to know the fastest way to build credit, you can modify this tip and use the same strategy with a family member or a loved one. However, be sure to put some structures in place so that your family member/loved one is protected. For instance, you might want to structure a proper contract by hiring a lawyer or using an online service such as Virgin Money. You might also give your family member/loved one collateral. Is your car paid off? Do you have an expensive piece of jewelry? One way or another, be sure that you never jeopardize family relationships just to raise your credit score!
And be sure to download our free ebooks about how to secure home and car loans during this tight lending environment.

Top Ten Things that Will Hurt Your Credit Score: Part II

Posted on September 22, 2010 by - CREDIT BLOG, CREDIT SCORING

In my last post, I talked about five of the top ten things that will hurt your credit score. Here are the final five:

Things That Will Hurt Your Credit Score #6: Not Pulling Your Credit Report Regularly.

A lot of people worry that if they pull their credit report, they will hurt their credit score. While it is true that 10 percent of your score is based on the number of inquiries by lenders into your credit report, pulling your own credit report does not hurt your score. You can pull your own credit report each and every day, and your score will not budge.
In fact, failing to pull your credit report could hurt your score. How will you know if someone opens an account in your name? How will you know if your account limits are being inaccurately reported?
At a minimum, pull your credit report from www.720FICOScore.com at least every six months.

Things That Will Hurt Your Credit Score #7: Closing an account.

15 percent of your score is based on the age of your credit accounts. The older your accounts, the better your score.
For instance, let’s say you have five accounts:

  • Account #1 is five years old,
  • Account #2 is twelve years old,
  • Account #3 is seven years old,
  • Account #4 is eight years old, and
  • Account #5 is nine years old.

The average age of all of your accounts is 8.2 years. Now let’s imagine that you close account #2, which is twelve years old. Now the average age of your accounts is only 7.25 years.
And this is just one reason closing an account can hurt your score. If you close an account, the account will show a $0 limit. So if you have a balance on this account, your balance-to-limit ratio will be sky-high.
Don’t forget, too, that 10 percent of your score is based on the type of credit you have. The credit-scoring bureaus like credit reports with a healthy mix of credit, and they prefer that you have at least three credit cards. If you close an account, you might have too few credit cards, or you might not have a healthy mix, both of which will hurt your score.

Things That Will Hurt Your Credit Score #8: Collections.

Collection accounts are particularly harmful because they are always preceded by late payments. A collection account should stay on your credit report for seven years from the date of activity that sent the account into collections. For instance, if you fail to pay your credit card bill on March 1, 2010, this is the traditional course of action:
1. A 30-day late payment will be added to your account on approximately April 1.
2. A 60-day late payment will be added to your account on approximately May 1.
3. A 90-day late payment will be added to your account on approximately June 1.
4. A 120-day late payment will be added to your account on approximately July 1, and the account will be sent to collection.
5. Assuming you make no further payments on the account, the collection will remain on your credit report for seven years after the original late payment. In other words, it will fall off your credit report on approximately March 1, 2017.

Things That Will Hurt Your Credit Score #9: Paying a bill in collections.

Now let’s add a payment into the mix. Let’s assume all of the above, but that in March 2012, you make a partial payment on the collection account. Guess what? This renews the date of last activity, meaning that the collection account will stay on your report until March 2019!
It’s crazy but true. Paying a collection account will often hurt your credit score.
In 7 Steps to a 720 Credit Score, I describe this process in detail, and I provide you with all the forms and worksheets necessary to get that collection account off your credit report!

Things That Will Hurt Your Credit Score #10: Late payments.

You probably already knew that late payments will hurt your credit score. Here’s the good news: The credit-reporting bureaus pay more attention to recent behavior than past behavior. If you follow the steps for building your credit score, the damage will be all but erased in as little as two years!

Top Ten Things that Will Hurt Your Credit Score: Part I

Posted on September 17, 2010 by - CREDIT BLOG, CREDIT SCORING

You might be surprised by some of the things that will hurt your credit score. Over the next two blog posts, I’ll reveal the top ten things that will hurt your credit score, in no particular order.

Things That Will Hurt Your Credit Score #1:

No credit.

I always say that no credit is just as bad as bad credit. The credit-scoring systems have certain criteria by which they determine a person’s credit score. Without that information, they have no way of telling whether a person is creditworthy. Better safe than sorry, they think, and they assign a poor credit score to that person.
Ideally, you should have between three and five credit cards, an installment loan, and a mortgage.

Things That Will Hurt Your Credit Score #2:

Bankruptcy.


You probably already know that a bankruptcy is one of the worst things that can happen to your credit score. Not only does the bankruptcy hurt your score, but so do the late payments and collection accounts that led up to the bankruptcy.
Here’s what you don’t know: You can repair credit after bankruptcy in as little as two years!

Things That Will Hurt Your Credit Score #3:

High credit card balances.

Your credit score is comprised of 22 criteria, and a whopping 30 percent looks at your outstanding debt. Among other things, the credit-scoring bureaus want to see a low balance-to-limit ratio. If you carry a balance that exceeds 30 percent of your credit card limit, your score could be lowered. For instance, if you have a limit of $1000 on your MasterCard, keep your balance below $300 at all times.

Things That Will Hurt Your Credit Score #4:

An incorrect credit limit.


Here’s a dirty little secret that will hurt your credit score:  Almost half of people have a credit card limit that is being incorrectly reported to the credit-scoring bureaus. Say, for instance, that your MasterCard has a $1000 limit. The credit card company might be reporting your limit as only $500.
Now let’s imagine that you have a $250 balance on that credit card. This is only 25 percent of the $1000 limit (see #3). But because of the credit card company’s mistake, your balance-to-limit appears to be 50 percent!
Failing to correct this mistake is one the ten biggest credit mistakes to avoid.

Things That Will Hurt Your Credit Score #5:

A foreclosure, repossession, judgment, or lien.


Ouch. Each of these things will cause your credit score to drop. The key to recovering after a foreclosure, repossession, judgment, or lien is to be proactive. You can raise your score to 720 in just two years if you start the process of rebuilding your credit score.
Too often, though, people feel overwhelmed by their finances, so they adopt a do-nothing approach and hope the problem just disappears. This only delays recovering. Instead, decide that you are going to take simple steps to rebuilding your credit, and that you are going to start today. If you follow an easy plan to rebuild your credit, your score will start to increase, and in just two years, you can enjoy all the perks of a 720 credit score.
Be sure to come back next week for #6 through #10 of the top ten things that will hurt your credit score.

Good Debt / Bad Debt: The Second Inapppriate Use of Credit

Posted on September 3, 2010 by - CREDIT BLOG

Good Debt / Bad Debt: The Second Inappropriate Use of Credit
Last week, I introduced the discussion of good debt versus bad debt by explaining the worst use of credit out there: using credit to dig yourself out of debt when you do not have a budget that proves the loan will solve your financial problems.
Today, we talk about the second inappropriate use of credit: retail therapy. In the good debt/bad debt debate, this one is a no-brainer.
Good Debt / Bad Debt, Inappropriate Use of Credit #2: Retail Therapy

If you use your credit cards to buy things because you are bored or depressed, you are creating bad debt. Retail therapy makes you feel worse in the long run, particularly if you are maxing out your credit cards to finance the shopping spree. Not only is this expensive, it also hurts your credit card score. Find less expensive and more effective means of coping.
Here is a list of things you can do that will actually make you feel better and preserve your credit score. And you will notice that none of them cost a single penny:

  • Invite your friends over to play card games.
  • Snuggle in for movie night with a carton of ice cream.
  • Write a letter to someone you love.
  • Invite an old friend for a bike ride, run, or picnic in the park.
  • Re-read a favorite book.
  • Call your best friend with the goal of making her laugh so hard she gasps for breath.
  • Take your kids to the park for a play date.
  • Take a couple of hours to start that project you have been postponing.
  • Wash your car, give your dog a bath, or clean out your closet. These might not seem fun, but I guarantee you will feel much more productive after conquering a chore than you will after a day of abusing your credit cards.

If these suggestions don’t work, at least make a commitment to use cash to finance your retail therapy. Sell some of those old clothes you found when you cleaned out your closet online. Then use the cash you earn from your online sales to pay for your shopping spree.

Part II: What does a credit score mean?

Posted on August 18, 2010 by - CREDIT BLOG, CREDIT SCORING

In “Part I: What does a credit score mean?” we took a look at the meaning of credit scores in being approved for a loan and in obtaining the best interest rates.
“Part II: What does a credit score mean?” looks at:

  • What a credit score means in your job hunt.
  • What a credit score means for your insurance premiums.
  • What a credit score means in your search for a rental unit.

What does a credit score mean when searching for a job?
More than half of employers run credit checks on potential job candidates at least some of the time. This means that you must learn how to improve your credit score if you are one of the millions of unemployed Americans, particularly if you are applying for jobs that require you to handle money.
A potential employer considers a person’s credit score an indication of how reliable they are. And if the job requires you to handle money, a low credit score could also mean that you are financially strapped and might be tempted to skim a little money from the register. Whether you are a financial advisor or local hardware store cashier, a low credit score means that you might be less employable.
If you have a mediocre or bad credit, be sure to read my post about credit scores and jobs so that you can learn strategies for combating this problem.
What does a credit score mean for your automobile insurance premiums?
In some states, a low credit score will increase your auto insurance premiums! Auto insurers have found a correlation between a person’s credit score and the number of accidents in which they are involved, so the lower your score, the higher your premium.
What does a credit score mean for your rental application?
Landlords almost always run a person’s credit score before approving a rental application. The last thing a landlord wants to do is evict a tenant, a time-consuming and costly process. If your score is too low, you might have a problem finding a lease to sign. Be sure to read my article about renting and credit checks.
What does a credit score mean? A high credit score means that you are more employable, pay lower insurance premiums, and have more housing opportunities. A low credit score means you should learn how to improve your credit score!

Part I: What does a credit score mean?

Posted on August 10, 2010 by - CREDIT BLOG, CREDIT SCORING

I spend a lot of time talking about the importance of building a good credit score, but a lot of people want to know: What does a credit score mean?
In this blog post, I’m going to answer that question, taking a look at two factors:

  1. What does a credit score mean to a lender?
  2. What does a credit score mean in terms of monthly payments?

What does a credit score mean to a lender?
A credit score is designed to give creditors an answer to one question: “What is the likelihood that this borrower will be more than three months late on a payment within the next two years?”
A credit score generally ranges from 300 to 850. A borrower with an 850 credit score (a rarity) is considered the least likely to default on payments while a borrower with a 300 credit score is considered the most likely to default.
A credit score above 720 is considered wonderful. These borrowers will qualify for the best loans and interest rates. Anything below 660 is considered weak credit, and anything below 620 is considered bad credit. A borrower with a score below 620 is considered “subprime,” which tells the lender that the borrower is highly likely to default.
A person’s credit score is the single most important factor in determining whether lenders will approve your credit card application, mortgage loan, and car loan. Generally speaking, lenders look at four things when determining your creditworthiness:

  1. Your credit score.
  2. Your salary.
  3. Your savings.
  4. Your down payment (for a home or car loan).

A person with a high credit score and a modest salary would be much more likely to receive a loan than a person with a modest credit score and a high salary.
What does a credit score mean in terms of monthly payments?
We always say that on a $300,000 30-year, fixed-rate home loan, the difference between a 720 credit score and a 620 credit score is $589 a month, or $212,040 over the life of the 30-year loan. Though this statistic is certainly an accurate representation of the difference a great credit score makes, the truth is that interest rates change daily. During the peak of the credit crisis, a person with a 719 credit score (normally considered a great score!) didn’t even qualify for credit.
The interest rates on a loan are updated daily in tandem with the Federal Reserve’s adjustments. As well, different types of loans call for different interest rates.
According to MyFICO.com’s August 2 listing of interest rates, a person with the best credit score would pay $753 a month on a three-year $25,000 car loan; a person with a 620 credit score would pay $919, a difference of $166 a month or almost $6,000 over the life of the loan.
As you can see, if you want to qualify for a loan and receive the lowest payments, you should learn how to improve your credit score.
And next week, we will take a look at several other reasons to build credit in Part II: What does a credit score mean?